Timing and injecting device for internal-combustion engines



W. B. S. WHALEY.

TIIVIING AND INIECTING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.APPLICATION FILED ocT. I. 1917. RENEWED 1AN.3,1922.

l926,934 Patented Aug. 22, 1922.

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WILLIAM B. SMITH WHAIEY, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIG-NOR TO AMERICANENGINE COMPANY, 0F BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSA.-A

CHUSETTS.

TIB/IIN@ AND INJECTING DEVICE FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGILYI'IIES.`

Specification of Letters Patent.

@riginal application flled December 21, 1916, Serial No.138,207. Dividedand this application led October 1,' 1917. Serial No. 194,103. RenewedJanuary 3, 1922. Serial No. 526,812.

To all whom t may cof/wem:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM: B. SMITH WHALEY, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and resident of New York city, in the county of New York andState of New York, have invented a new and useful Timing and InjectingDevice for. Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention relates to a device'for timing and controlling theinjection of elasticfluids, as gases, compressed air, or the like, intothe combustion chambers of internal combustion engine cylinders forself-starting, reversing, combustion-supporting', stratifying, orscavenging purposes.

This is a divisional application of my copending application forimprovement in internal combustion engines, led December 21, 1916,Serial No. 138,207,A and the invention herein claimed has been furtherdisclosed by me in the two following co-pending applications, to wit,improvement 1n internal combustion engines, filed January 9, 1917,Serial No. 141,401, and improvement in internal combustion engines,filed J anuary 27, 1917, Serial No. 144,970.

The aforesaid co-pending applications disclose and treat with thefunctions and certain of the uses of the invention herein described, butin order to illustrate the same in this application I have shown in theaecompanying drawing an embodiment thereof, wherein: n

Fig. 1 represents a diagrammatic and partial section of my inventioncoupled with an internal combustion engine of the type disclosed in myaforesaid co-pending applications.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged section taken on line 2 2 Fig. 1, looking inthedirection of the arrows, and shows thedevice diagrammatically coupledwith a source of supply therefor.

Fig. 3 is an elevational View of the ported sleeve member of the device.

Fig. 4 is a front elevational view of the device.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5--5 Fig. 2 looking in thedirection of the arrows, showin valve of the device.

the automatic injecting..

Fig. 6 is a modified view of Fig. 2 showing the use of spacing gasketsand also showing the timing valve as unporting the sleeve-member-portsof the device.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on line 7 7 Fig. 6, looking in thedirection of the arrows, showing the auxiliary automatic valve of thedevice open and thus inject- Patenten nag. as, ieee.

ing the gas or elastic-fluid into the combustion lchamber of thecylinder.

The terms employed herein areusedin the generic and descriptive sense,and are therefore not specifically intended as terms of limitation.

Like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several views of thedrawing.

The numeral 10 represents the cylinder of an internal combustion engine,preferably of the type disclosed in my aforesaid co-pending applicationsand which operates on the retarded combustion cycle disclosed in saidaforesaid co-pending applications, in which 11 represents the p1stonshown positioned inv head-end-dead-center (Fig. 1) and 12 the clearancechamber of the combustion chamber 13. 16 is the main casing of my devicewhich may be rigidly secured to the cylinder in any suitable manner, asby means of the bolts 17 for example, and is supplied with the bores 18and 19 which are open toeach other by means of the transfer chamber 20.21 represents the ported sleeve-member of the device and is preferablyprovided with the gridiron transfer ports 22 (which may be of anydesired shape, preferably rectangular), and the retaining flange 23,rand is bored to accommodate the reciprocatingvalve 24 which has the web25 thereof preferably perforated with the holes 26' and which hasSecured thereto or made integral therewith the valve-spindle 27. 28represents the main valve-bonnet which is preferablyr provided with thegland retaining means 29 and serves to retain the valvesleeve 21 insecured position with the device; the retaining flange 23 being suppliedwith bolt-holes through which the bonnet-bolts 30 will pass for securingboth said valve-sleeve 21 and said valve-bonnet 28 in workingrelationship with said casing 16. 31 represents the supply-bonnet whichis also secured to said casing 16 and communicates with the supply-pipe32 discharging through said supply-bonnet within the valve-sleeve 21 asshown in Figs. 2 and 6.

33 represents the valve-sleeve which tits Within the bore 19 of thecasing 16 and is provided with the transfer-inlet-port 34, thevalve-spindle-supporting-lug 35, and the valve or movable header seat36; the cylinder end 37 of the valve-sleeve 33 ,being tightly fittedwithin the cylinder bore provided therefor as shown. 38 represents theinjecting valve or movable header, the spindle 39'of which is slidablysupported in the supporting-lug 35 and is supplied with the expansionsprmg 40 which acts against the retainin collar 41 which is secured tothe spindle 1n any suitable manner. 42 represents the removablevalve-bonnet which may be secured to the casing 16 by means of thecasing-supporting-studs as shown. 43 represents gaskets, or washers,which may bev employed for spacing purposes; that is, for

spacing the ported-sleeve in the device to po-v sition the ports 22 toyield the required timing for porting the valve operating therein. 44represents cross-head-guides which may be made integral with the mainvalve-bonnet 28 or may be rigidly secured thereto. 45 representsacross-head which may be made integral with the main valve-stem 27 ormay be rigidly secured thereto and is preferably employed with a devicein which the timing valve is actuated through an eccentric as 46requirin a long eccentric-rod as 47, it being here un erstood that forshort connections the use of the cross-head 45 and the guides 44 may bedispensed with if desired.

Having thus described the parts of my invention in detail, the manner inwhich the same may be operated is as follows:

First, it will here be noted that the use of the removable type ofported sleeve-member 21 allows for the cutting of the ports 22accurately in the sleeve, and further enables the ports to be positionedtherein to yield the"proper timing with reference to the reciprocatingaction of the valve 24.4

Second, it will here be noted that the movable header or injecting-valve38 normally is held in the seated position, as shown in Figs.-1 and 5,by means of the light expansion-spring 40.

Now, with the timing-valve open to a compressed air supply (for exampleS) it will be understood from Fig. 2 that as the valve 24 travelsdownward and the top skirt thereof unports the transfer-ports 22, thatthe compressed air will flow through said transfer-ports 22, into thetransfer-chamber 20, through the transfer-inlet-port 34 and into thechamber of the valve-sleeve 33. With little or no compression in theclearance chamber 12 of the cylinder any compressed air having apressure in excess of the pressure within the clearance chamber Macneeplus the pressure exerted by the expansionspring 40 will, after passingthrough the ports 22 of the device, automatically force the movableheader or injectingvalve 38 t0 become unseated and will thus flow intothe cylinder. In practice, the device, when used with my cycle or enginedisclosed in my aforesaid co-pending applications, is timed to unportthe sleeve-transfer-ports 22 approximately 5 after the engine piston 12passes the head-end-dead-center position in its down or working stroke.Thus it will be observed that with an appreciable pressure of say 114.7lbs. ab. in the tank S the compressed air will force its way bytheheader or valve and will cause the piston in the cylinder to start downon its working stroke, thus aecting a so-called self-starting feature.

For completing combustion, the device performs as follows: Assuming thistime that an enriched mixture has been properly compressed in theclearance chamber of the cylinder, as per the needs under my aforesaidcycle, to say about 114.7 lbs. ab. (preferably equal to the pressure ofthe compressed air supply) and the same has been ignited and is burningas the piston is traveling downward, the timing-valve 24 opens thetransfer-ports 22 when the piston passes the 5O point beyond thehead-end-dead-center, but since the pressure of the burning mixture inthe cylinder is now greater than the pressure of the auxiliary injectingcompressed air behind the injecting valve, the latter will naturallyremain seated and closed as vshown in Figs. 1 and 5. But, however, assoon as the pressure of the burning mixture in the cylinder drops to apoint slightly below that of the pressure of the auxiliary compressedair behind the injecting valve, the latter will automatically open asshown in Fig. 7 and will inject the compressed air as long as the maintiming-valve will allow the air to flow through it, said timing-valvebeing timed to close the transfer-ports 22 when the piston is nearingits exhaust position. This injected compressed air under thesecircumstances serves to revive the burning action within the cylinderinasmuch as the same supplies the necessary oxygen to complete thecombustion of the remaining unburnt fuel constituents within thecylinder, and in that way further work is obtained from the engine andmore of the available carboniferous matter in the initial mixture willbe utilized and converted into heat units and will thus yield bettereiiiciency than otherwise.

For aecting a so-called stratifying fea'- ture, the following will benoted, viz:

The main timing-valve is timed, toclose the transfer-ports 22 when thepiston 11 is nearing its exhaust position, which is practically at theend of its working stroke. rlhe burning operation in the cylinder (dueto the so-called completing combustion) ceases when the piston reachesapproximately two-thirds of its working stroke. Therefore during theinterval between the complete combustion point and exhaust thecompressed air injected being of a higher pressure than the burnt gasesin the cylinder, tends to set up a stratifying' condition withinl thecylinder, resulting in the foul gases (in a vertical type of engine)following thefpiston while the fresher injected compressed air tends toassume the upper position in the combustion chamber. Thus, when thepiston opens the exhaust port the foul gases immediately begin to escapefrom within the cylinder and are forced out by the expansion oftheinjected compressed air in the cylinder occurring while the exhaust portis o-pen, leaving the combustion chamber iny a clean condition ready toreceive the new charge of fuel medium to be ignited and burnt on thenext stroke.

Thus, the device affects the so-called completing combustion and thenthe subsequent stratifying operations forming part of my hereinabovereferred to improved retarded combustion cycle.

It will be here noted that if the timingvalve of the device continued toremain open further down on the working stroke o-f the piston, or wouldbe opened when the-exhaust port of the engine opens, that the compressedair injected into the combustion chamber would then serve as ascavenging medium and the device would thus affect a scavengingoperation within the combustien chamberof the co-related cylinder.

rlhus it will be observed that the device may act in any one or number,or all, of the capacities heretofore explained, but it is moreparticularly intended, and without being limited thereto, to be used inconnection with internal combustion engines operatingon my improvedretarded combustion cycle as disclosed in my aforesaid copendingapplications.

1t will also be observed that my invention treats with a reciprocatingtype of piston valve which may lbe relied upon at allgtimes and whichserves as an efficient agent for timing the supply and cut-off ofV theinjecting medium, and is further attended by good wearing qualities.Also, the reciprocating piston valve is provided with perforations whichprevent the pocketing of the compressed injecting medium in thevalve-casing and also provides for a balancing feature which relievesthe device of unnecessary work in the shape of recompressing the mediumin the valve-casing, which might otherwise be true if the perforationswere not supplied therein, thus requiring the minimum work for actuatingthe same. Also, that the injecting valve 38 serves as a check-valve andwill automatically seat itself when the pressure on the outer orcylinder side thereof is greater than due to the pressure in thecombustion chamber.

I have described herein one embodiment of my invention, but it is to beunderstood that the latter is not essentially limited to the specificconstruction and organization of said embodiment, since the same maybevaried without departing from the proper scope of the claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is:

1. In a device of the character described, a casing member having areceiving chamber, a discharging chamber and a transfer chambercommunicating between said chambers; a ported sleeve-member fittedwithin said receiving chamber and porting said receiving chamber withsaid .transfer chamber; a reciprocating valve member slidably fitted insaid ported sleeve member and adapted to periodically free the ports ofsaid sleeve member ;'means for supplying said receiving chamber withelastic-fluid; a protruding discharging sleeve-member fitted within saiddischarging chamber and adapted to extend through a cylinder wall andopen to said transfer chamber and the combustion chamber of saidcylinder; and means for normally closing the cylinder end of saiddischarging sleeve.

2. ln a device of the character described, consisting of a casing memberprovided with a main receiving compartment and a secondary receivingcompartment; an inlet open to said main receiving compartment andcommunicating with a compressed air supply; a perforatedtransfer-sleeve-member fitted within said main receiving compartment andadapted to open said main receiving compartment with said secondaryreceiving compartment; a timing-valve slidably operating in saidperforated transfer sleeve member and adapted to time the period ofopening between said main receiving compartment and said secondaryreceiving compartment; an auxiliary and automatic discharge valvepositioned within said secondary receiving compartment, normally adaptedto keep said compartment closed and otherwise adapted to open toydischarge the air therefrom when the timing-valve has uncovered theperforations in the transfersleeve-member.

3. In a device of the character described,

a casing having a receiving chamber, a dis-1 charging chamber and atransfer chamber communicating between Said Chambers,said

y Mameli transfer chamber having ports opening respectively into saidreceiving and discharging chambers and said dischargin chamber beingadapted to protrude an extend Within the Walls of an engine cylinder forcommunicating With the combustion chamber thereof; a. reciprocatingvalve member itted in said receiving chamber and adapted to operate inconnection with the transfer ports thereof; inlet means for supplyinsaid' receiving chamber with elastic Huid; and valve means for normallyclosing the cylinder end of said discharging chamber.

4. ln a device of the character described, a casing having a receivingchamber, a discharging chamber and a transfer 4chamber communicatingbetween said chambers, said transfer chamber having gridiron portsopening into said receiving chamber; a reciprocating valve memberslidably fitted in said ported receiving chamber; means forsupplyingsaidI receiving chamber With elastic iuid; a protruding dischargingsleeve 'member fitted Within said discharging chain` ber adapted toextend through a cylinder Wall and open to said transfer chamber and thecombustion chamber of said cylinder;

and means for normally closing the cylinder

